Documentation (master)

Testing

Testing¶

Model Factories¶

When testing, it is common to need to insert a few records into your database before executing your test. Instead of manually specifying the value of each column when you create this test data, Orator allows you to define a default set of attributes for each of your models using “factories”:

from orator.orm import Factory

factory = Factory()

@factory.define(User)
def users_factory(faker):
    return {
        'name': faker.name(),
        'email': faker.email()
    }

Within the function (here users_factory), which serves as the factory definition, you can return the default test values of all attributes on the model. The function will receive an instance of the Faker library, which allows you to conveniently generate various kinds of random data for testing.

Multiple Factory Types¶

Sometimes you may wish to have multiple factories for the same model class. For example, perhaps you would like to have a factory for “Administrator” users in addition to normal users. You can define these factories using the define_as method:

@factory.define_as(User, 'admin')
def admins_factory(faker):
    return {
        'name': faker.name(),
        'email': faker.email(),
        'admin': True
    }

Instead of duplicating all of the attributes from your base user factory, you can use the raw method to retrieve the base attributes. Once you have the attributes, simply supplement them with any additional values you require:

@factory.define_as(User, 'admin')
def admins_factory(faker):
    user = factory.raw(User)

    user.update({
        'admin': True
    })

    return user

Using Factories In Tests¶

Once you have defined your factories, you can use them in your tests or database seed files to generate model instances calling the Factory instance. So, let’s take a look at a few examples of creating models. First, we’ll use the make method, which creates models but does not save them to the database:

def test_database():
    user = factory(User).make()

    # Use model in tests

If you would like to override some of the default values of your models, you can pass keyword arguments to the make method. Only the specified values will be replaced while the rest of the values remain set to their default values as specified by the factory:

def test_database():
    user = factory(User).make(name='John')

You can also create a Collection of many models or create models of a given type:

# Create 3 User instances
users = factory(User, 3).make()

# Create a User "admin" instance
admin = factory(User, 'admin').make()

# Create three User "admin" instances
admins = factory(User, 'admin', 3).make()

Persisting Factory Models¶

The create method not only creates the model instances, but also saves them to the database using models’ save method:

def test_database():
    user = factory(User).create()

    # Use model in tests

Again, you can override attributes on the model by passing an array to the create method:

def test_database():
    user = factory(User).create(name='John')

Adding Relations To Models¶

You may even persist multiple models to the database. In this example, we’ll even attach a relation to the created models. When using the create method to create multiple models, a Collection instance is returned, allowing you to use any of the convenient functions provided by the collection, such as each:

users = factory(User, 3).create()
users.each(lambda u: u.save(factory(Post).make()))

Documentation (master)

Testing

Testing¶

Model Factories¶

Multiple Factory Types¶

Using Factories In Tests¶

Persisting Factory Models¶

Adding Relations To Models¶

Orator

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